Modal dalam bahasa Inggris yaitu kata yang digunakan dengan kata kerja lain untuk mengungkapkan sebuah ide. Yang termasuk dari modal adalah can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, ought to, dan had better. Setiap modal memiliki arti yang bahkan lebih dari satu.
can = bisa
could = bisa
could = bisa
may = mungkin
might = mungkin
must = mungkin
shall = akan
shall = akan
will = akan
would = akan
ought to = seharusnya/harus
should = harus
should = harus
had better = seharusnya
Model auxiliaries digunakan untuk semua subject. Penggunaan modal juga harus diikuti infinitif atau Verb 1 tanpa ada
tambahan kecuali menggunakan to be baru bisa verb 3 atau verb-ing.
Contoh:
He can type well (benar)
He cans type well (salah)
He can types well (salah)
He can typing well (salah)
He can typed well (salah)
Bentuk negatif:
can not (couldn't)
could not (couldn't)
may not (mayn't)
might not (mightn't)
must not (mustn't)
ought to not
shall not (shan't)
should not (shouldn't)
will not (won't)
would not (wouldn't)
had better not
Bentuk Interrogative:
can
could
may
might
must
shall + Subject + Verb
will
would
ought to
should
had better
could
may
might
must
shall + Subject + Verb
will
would
ought to
should
had better
Penggunaan Modal dan Ungkapan yang Sepadan.
May I borrow your eraser?
Would you pass the salt please?
Will you pass the salt please?
Could you pass the salt please?
Can you pass the salt please?
Would you mind if I used your phone?
I can play the piano.
He can play the piano.
She can play the piano.
I may walk to school .
I have to be home by night.
You should study harder.
You ought to study harder.
I shouldn't speak to her rudely.
She'd better take care of it.
You'd better not be late.
Kesimpulan Modal and Similar Expressions:
May
- sopan
- formal
- tidak pasti
- tidak pasti
- sopan
Should
- layaknya sesuatu yang di ungkapkan.
- 90% sudah pasti/jelas
Ought to
- layaknya sesuatu yang di ungkapkan.
- 90% sudah pasti/jelas
Had better
- kelayakan dengan ancaman hasil yang kurang menyenangkan
Must
- kebutuhan yang harus
- larangan dalam hal negatif
Have to
- kebutuhan/wajib
Will
- 100% sudah pasti
- kerelaan
- Sopan
Be going to
- 100% pasti/jelas
- Rencana yang jelas
Can
- kemampuan/kemungkinana
- tidak formal
- kurang sopan
Could
- lampau
- sopan
- saran
- tidak begitu pasti
- ketidakmungkinan dalam hal negatif
Would
- sopan
- referensi
- pengulangan di masa lampau
Shall
- sopan
- untuk kalimat masa depan pada subjek I dan we
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